There are two voices in English, the active and the passive.
The active tells us what the subject does, for example :
The active tells us what the subject does, for example :
- He writes a letter
- A letter is written by him
A passive contruction occurs when you make the object of an action into the subject of a sentence. That is, whoever or whatever is performing the action is not the grammatical subject of the sentence.
The generic structure :
- Active : S + V active + O
- Passive : O + to be + V3 + by + S
1. Simple present : Noun + am/is/are + V3
- Active : I write a letter
- Passive : A letter is written by me
- Active : He is buying a car
- Passive : A car is being bought by him
- Active : The judge sentenced the convicted 5 years imprisonment
- Passive : The convicted was sentenced 5 years imprisonment by the judge
- Active : the officer was investigating the case
- Passive : the case was being investigated by the officer
- Active : The judge will issue a verdict against the accused
- Passive : A verdict against the accused will be issued by the judges
- Active : The investigator would hand in the file
- Passive : The file would be handed in by the investigator
- Active : They have committed another crime
- Passive : another crime has been committed by them
- Active : We had found your watch
- Passive : your watch had been found by us
- Active : the witness shall have shown the evidence
- Passive : The evidence will have been shown by the witness
- Active : the major should have been invited the president
- Passive : the president should have been invited by the major
- Active : Sugiarto must report his attendance to the police once a week
- Passive : His attendance must be reported by to the police once a week
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